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Equilibrium Intro Disturbing Equilibrium
 		Disturbing Equil'm Answers Pretest 3.1 Law of Chem Equil'm Pretest 3.2
 Acids and Bases

Homework: IONIZATION OF ACIDS AND pH (1)

    Solutions to Exercises
  1. Write the equilibrium expression for each of the following:

    2. a) CuBr 2 (s) ß à Cu+2 (aq) + 2 Br –1 (aq)

    b) HCl (aq) ß à H+1 (aq) + Cl-1 (aq)

    c) H2SO4 (aq) ß à 2H+1 (aq) + SO4-2 (aq)

    d) NaOH (aq) ß à Na+1 (aq) + OH-1 (aq)

    e) Ca(OH)2 (aq) ß à Ca+2 (aq) + 2 OH-1 (aq)

  2. Complete the table below.

 

[H+1] mol/L

[OH-1] mol./L

pH

pOH

Neutral, acidic, or basic

A

1x 10-7

 

 

 

 

B

1.5 x 10-3

 

 

 

 

C

3.0 x 10-10

 

 

 

 

D

0.1

 

 

 

 

E

 

2.0 x 10-7

 

 

 

F

 

4.0 x 10-2

 

 

 

G

 

1.5 x 10-9

 

 

 

H

 

0.5

 

 

 

I

 

 

Stomach acid (2.0)

 

 

J

 

 

Milk (6.77)

 

 

K

 

 

Household cleaner (12.0)

 

 

L

 

 

 

1.8

 

M

 

 

 

Baking soda (5.74)

 

N

 

 

 

Lemon juice (11.5)

 

 

  1. Order the solutions from #2 (A to F only) from the strongest to the weakest acid. Explain which values you used and why?
  2. In an aqueous solution, the H+1 (aq) concentration is 2.8 x 10-4 M. What is the concentration of OH-1 (aq)?

    3.  

  3. In an aqueous solution in which the OH-1 (aq) concentration is 1.0 x 10-7 M, what is the concentration of H+1 (aq)?

    4.  

  4. The pH of a sample of human blood was measured to be 7.41 at 25 0C. Calculate pOH, [H+1]aq, and [OH-1]aq for the sample.

    5.   

  5. Formic acid (HCO2H) is secreted by ants. At equilibrium, pH is 2.7 and

    6. Ka = 1.8 x 10-4. What is the concentration of formic acid at equilibrium?

    HCO2H (aq) ß à H+1 (aq) + CO2H-1 (aq)

      

  6. HC2H2ClO2 is a skin irritant used in "chemical peels" intended to remove the top layer of dead skin from the face and ultimately improve the complexion. The pH of this acid is 2.0. What would be the Ka if the acid concentration at equilibrium is 0.100 M?

    7. HC2H2ClO2 (aq) ß à H+1 (aq) + C2H2ClO2-1 (aq)

      

  7. The hypoclorite ion (OCl-1) is often found in household bleaches and disinfectants. It is also the active ingredient that forms when swimming pool water is treated with chlorine. In addition, it forms weakly acidic hypochlorous acid (HOCl, Ka = 3.5 x 10-8). Calculate the pH of a aqueous solution of hypochlorious acid when concentration of HOCl (aq) at equilibrium is 0.100 M.